The Lubrication of Compressor

The Lubrication of Compressor

1. The main purpose of the lubrication system:

(1) Wherever the mechanical rotating contact surface is lubricated, the frictional resistance is reduced and the wear is prevented.

(2) Take away the frictional heat of the friction surface and help heat dissipation.

(3) Make an oil seal (oil seal) on the contact surface between the piston and the cylinder wall to prevent refrigerant leakage.

(4) Protection of shaft seals and packing materials.

2. The methods of various compressor lubrication systems include Splash System and Forced Feed or Pressure System:

(1) Grease lubrication method: Because the crankcase is filled with lubricating oil, the oil surface is at the bearing position or the middle of the crankshaft neck. When the compressor is running, the bottom of the connecting rod or the eccentric is immersed in the oil, and the oil is poured by centrifugal force of the rotation, splashed on the cylinder wall or bearing to make it lubricate, and then flows back through the oil holes. Or on the bottom of the connecting rod and on the crankshaft, add a small oil hopper to enhance the effect of splash oil. This method is most commonly used in small compressors.

(2) Forced oil lubrication method: Also known as pressure lubrication method, the oil pump is used to force the oil to the parts that need to be lubricated. There are three commonly used oil pumps: (a) piston type, (b) gear type, and (c) rotary type.

In the compressor of the forced oil lubrication system, the oil pressure protection switch must be installed. If the oil pressure is blocked, the oil quality is not matched, the oil is condensed, and the oil is affected, the oil pressure cannot maintain the normal circulating pressure. The oil pressure protection switch will Automatically stop the operation of the compressor to avoid damage to the parts due to lack of oil lubrication. Therefore, most of such lubrication systems are used in medium and large-sized compressors. This method is more efficient than the first type, and it operates quietly, but its manufacturing and maintenance costs are also high.

With regard to the position of the drive motor and the compressor, the currently used compressors can be classified into three types:

(1) Open Type ---- separate compressor and drive motor

(2)Semi-Hermetic Type----compressor and drive motor are placed in the same housing, but the cylinder head, crankcase and part of the compressor cover are closed by screws, repair or inspection can be detached open

(3) Hermetic Type - Compressor and drive motor are placed in the same sealed housing, only repair can be repaired or checked

In terms of driving methods, currently used compressors can be divided into three categories:

(1)Direct Drive Type--the drive motor is the main shaft of the compressor, or the coupling is connected with the drive in the middle.

(2) Belt Drive Type - The use of "V" belts and pulleys as the transmission between the motor and the compressor. All of these are deceleration devices, that is, the speed of the machine is lower than the speed of the motor.

(3)Gear Drive Type (Gear Drive Type) is a transmission that uses a transmission gear as a motor and a compressor. Most of these are speed increasing devices, that is, the speed of the compressor is higher than the speed of the motor, such as every minute. More than 3,600 rpm centrifugal compressors use this type of device for variable speed

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